The so-called machining is to use different mechanical equipment to gradually change the shape, size, relative position and performance of the blank according to a certain machining process, until it reaches the machining process of the workpiece required by the customer. In the process of machining, in addition to knowing the classification of machining processes, we also have to understand the principles of division of machining processes. What are the principles of division of machining processes?

Division 1: Process

The machining process required for one or more operators to continuously complete one or more workpieces in a work place or on a machine tool is called a process. The basis for dividing the process is whether the work location changes and whether the work process is continuous. For example, machining a batch of shafts on a lathe can either rough and finish each shaft continuously, or rough the entire batch and then finish them in sequence. In the first case, the machining consists of only one process; in the second case, due to the interruption of the continuity of the machining process, although the machining is carried out on the same machine tool, it becomes two processes. Process is the basic unit that composes the machining process and is also the basic unit of production planning.

Division 2: Installation

In the machining process, the process of making the workpiece occupy a correct position on the machine tool or in the fixture and clamp it is called clamping. Some workpieces may need to be clamped multiple times on the machine tool to complete a process. work content. Installation refers to the part of the process that is completed after the workpiece is clamped once. For example, machining a shaft on a lathe, first machining part of the surface from one end, and then turning around to machine the other end, the process content at this time includes two installations.

Division Three: Workstation

When using an indexing (or shifting) fixture, a rotary table or processing on a multi-axis machine tool, after the workpiece is clamped on the machine tool once, it must be processed in several positions in sequence, and each position the workpiece occupies on the machine tool The part of the process completed above is called the station. In order to reduce the clamping error and time loss caused by multiple clamping, various rotary worktables, rotary fixtures or mobile fixtures are often used, so that the workpiece can be processed in several different positions in one clamping.

Division Four: Work Steps

Under the condition that the machining surface is unchanged and the processing tool is unchanged, the part of the process that is continuously completed is called a process step. It is also often called "feed" in production. The entire machining process consists of several processes. Each process can include one working step or several working steps. Each working step usually includes one working stroke, and may also include several working strokes. In order to improve productivity, the process of machining several surfaces with several tools at the same time is called a compound process, which can also be regarded as a process. For example, a combined drilling machine is used to process porous box holes.

Division five: take the knife

The part of the work step completed by a machining tool on the machined surface is called a pass. For example, if the metal layer to be cut is very thick for shaft parts, it needs to be cut several times. At this time, each cut is called a pass. Therefore, on the premise that the cutting speed and feed amount remain unchanged, the tool completes one feed movement, which is called one pass.

The above five are the division principles of the machining process. The machining process is composed of several sequential processes, and the process is composed of installation, workstations, work steps, and passes.