Machining is a method of processing various workpieces using mechanical processing equipment. The main processing methods of mechanical processing include turning, drilling, boring, milling, planing, honing, super-finishing and polishing. The precision and surface roughness of machining can be processed in a wide range, and high machining accuracy and very low surface roughness can be obtained. These are the advantages of machining, so what else do you need to know about machining? Woolen cloth? The following is a detailed introduction to the machining knowledge that everyone wants to know about Yuntuo machining.

1. Components and functions of machining tools

1. Tool body —— the fastening part of the tool;

2. Rake face - the face in the direction of cutting speed, (the chips flow out along it);

3. Main rear --- the face opposite the cutting surface;

4. Vice rear --- the face opposite to the machined surface;

5. The main cutting edge - the intersection of the rake face and the main back, (responsible for the main cutting task);

6. Secondary cutting edge - the intersection of the rake face and the secondary rear, (a small part is responsible for trimming);

7. Tool tip —— where the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge intersect;

2. The role of machining geometric planes

1. Cutting plane - the plane passing through any point on the main cutting edge and tangent to the machined surface.

2. Base plane —— A plane that passes through any point on the main cutting edge and is perpendicular to the direction of cutting speed, that is, perpendicular to the cutting plane.

3. Main section—the section that passes through any point on the main cutting edge and is perpendicular to the projection of the main cutting edge on the base plane. Through the main section, the relationship between the front of the tool and the base surface, the back and the cutting plane, the front and the back, the front and the cutting plane; the rake angle, the main clearance angle, the wedge angle, and the cutting angle can be determined.

4. Secondary section - the section perpendicular to the projection of the secondary blade on the base plane; determine the secondary rake angle and secondary clearance angle (radial);

3. The role of machining accuracy

1. Dimensional accuracy: Dimensional accuracy refers to the closeness of the actual value of the diameter, length, distance between surfaces, etc. of the part to the ideal value. The dimensional accuracy is controlled by the difference between the dimensional tolerance and the clearance angle α diameter. The dimensional tolerance is the allowable variation in the size of the part during machining.

2. Shape accuracy: Shape accuracy refers to the degree of conformity between the actual shape of the line and surface on the processed part and the ideal shape

3. Position accuracy: Position accuracy refers to the degree of conformity between the actual position of the point, line and surface on the processed part and the ideal position.

Fourth, the main factors affecting the surface roughness of machining

1. Cutting residual area

2. Built-up edge: The built-up edge protrudes beyond the tool tip and breaks off from time to time. The uneven groove marks on the surface of the workpiece have a great influence on the roughness of the surface.

3. Process system vibration: The process system vibration causes the tool to produce periodic displacements on the workpiece, forming ripples-like traces on the machined surface, so that vibration should be avoided as much as possible during rough cutting of the surface.

Summarize

With the development of science and technology, mechanical processing is also developing in the direction of high precision, high efficiency, automatic generation, flexibility and intelligence. In the process of developing in this regard, we still need to understand the mechanical processing knowledge that we should understand. , so as to better meet the challenge.